This pattern was found on object 04433 in Het Romeins Museum, Heerlen, the Netherlands. It was found in Roman Coriovallum, probably sometime in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century. It has a unique pattern not attested in other games, but use wear on its surface is consistent with the movement of Roman-era gaming pieces along the lines on its surface. AI-driven simulated play identified rules that replicated the pattern of wear on the stone. This was the first time such a game was identified in this way.
Rules
A square, divided in two with a line across the width. Four oblique lines, which connect points near the midpoints of the sides of the squares. Vertical horizontal lines above and below the square which are connected to the central line may also be part of the board.
1 pieces of evidence in total. Browse all evidence for Ludus Coriovalli here.
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Sources
Crist, Walter, Éric Piette, Karen Jeneson, Dennis J. N. J. Soemers, Matthew Stephenson, Luk van Goor, and Cameron Browne. 2026. Ludus Coriovalli: using artificial intelligence to identify rules for an ancient board game. Antiquity 100. doi: 10.15184/aqy.2025.10264