Gioco dell'Orso is a game that was played in Piedmont, Northern Italy. It was documented in the twentieth century, but graffiti in the region suggests that the game could be much older.
Rules
Two concentric circles, with four radii from the outer circle to in the center, dividing the circles into four equal parts. There are four arcs, each of which bisects a radius between where each radius intersects the circumference of each circle, the arc also intersecting with the outer circle's circumference. One player plays as a bear, which begins on the central point, the other as three hunters, which begin on any three points on the inner circle. The bear plays first. Players alternate turns moving a piece to an empty adjacent spot along the lines. When the bear is unable to move, the game ends and the players play again, switching sides. The player who lasts longest while playing as the bear wins.
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Sources
Depaulis, T. and C. Gavazzi. 1999. "L'orso e i suoi fratelli." Rivista Biellese 3/3: 46-50.
Michaelsen, P. 2014. "Haretavl - Hare and Hounds as a Board Game." In M. Teichert (ed.), Sport und Spiel bei den Germanen: Nordeuropa von der römischen Kaiserzeit bis zum Mittelalter. Berlin: De Gruyter.