Chupu is a race game played in China since the Three Kingdoms period, but forgotten at some point. Chinese sources often describe it as coming from the west. Modern scholars sometimes consider the name Chupu as a connection to Indian Chaupar, but this connection has not been truly documented.
Rules
Five two-sided dice, one side black, one side white. Two dice have a pheasant on the white side and a cow on the black side. "Royal" throws are as follows: five black = 16; five white = 8; three black and two pheasant = 14; three white and two cows = 10; "Mixed" throws are: one pheasant, one cow, three white = 12; one pheasant, one cow, three black = 11; two pheasants, two white, one black = 5; two cows, two black, one white =4; three white, two black = 3; three black and two white =2. Royal throws grant the player an extra throw. Twenty pieces in five colors. 120 spaces, separated by two barriers into three zones. One space is a pit. A royal throw is required to pass a barrier or to escape the pit. Pieces may only land on the same spot as another of the player's pieces after the first barrier. If a player's piece lands on a space occupied by an opponent's piece, the opponent's piece is a hit. Hitting a piece gives the player an extra throw.
