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Evidence in Sakhalin
2 pieces of evidence found.
Id DLP.Evidence.2306
Type Ethnography
Game Chong (Sakhalin)
Date 1933-01-01 - 1933-12-31
Rules 3x12-28 board. Players begin with soldiers, equal in number to the number of spaces in one row for each player, which begin in the spaces in the row closes to the player. Each player has one king piece, which begins in the rightmost space in the central row with respect to the player. Four six-sided dice with values from 1-6. A throw of 1 is called Chong. Pieces move in a boustrophedon path along the board, from left to right in their home row, right to left in the center row, and then left to right in their opponent's row.
A player must first throw a Chong to play. On this turn, when a player throws one Chong, the King exchanges places with the soldier behind it. If more than one Chong is thrown, the King exchanges places with the soldier that many spaces behind it. Any remaining values in the throw are moved by the soldier which took the king's space. Once this move has taken place, pieces move according to the throws of the dice, which can be subdivided between the pieces as the player sees fit. The King only moves with a Chong, and it exchanges the place of a piece that number of occupied squares away, i.e., only spaces occupied by the player's pieces are counted when moving the King. When the player has only one soldier and the King, the King may move normally (like a soldier does), but on throws of Chong. When only the King is left, the first Chong in a throw is ignored and only the second, third, or fourth Chongs are moved.
When a player's piece lands on a space occupied by an opponent's piece, the opponent's piece is captured. An opponent's King cannot be taken by a soldier until it has first moved backwards, and then it can only be taken by a Chong. Throwing two consecutive Chongs allows the King to move backwards.
The game continues after the players' Kings have been taken.
When a player reaches the end of the opponent's home line, the player wins.
Content Chong (Чong) - korol’. A narrow long board has 3 parallel rows of nests (holes) – up to 83 – k:arynnuchkh (see the fig.) In one of the edge rows, each hole has a “soldier” inserted into it, i.e. one vertical round stick; in the opposite edge row, accordingly, each hole also has one soldier inserted into it - a round stick but flattened in the upper half in the form of P [in this place, the text has a picture resembling a flag or the Latin letter P]. The nests of the middle row - the battle line - are empty. The game is played with four cubes, each side of which has its own mark and its own name, namely:
1) Chong - 1 large indent at the centre and 4 smaller ones at the corners.
2) Kyr - 5 indents located in the same way but all being of the same size.
3) Kor with a sign resembling the swastika .
4) Tvyr - a figure resembling the Russian letter Ж.
5) Ton'z:á - two intersecting diagonals and an indent in each of the triangles formed by them, all indents of the same size.
6) Mra - a square with mutually intersecting two longitudinal and two crosswise wavy lines.
The first player throws a handful of all 4 cubes and watches if a chong falls out. Until a chong is thrown, i.e. until the cube lands with the chong side up, the player cannot make moves.
Side No. 1 of the cube gives the right for one move [i.e. give the right to move a man by one hole]; No. 2 for two moves, etc.; side No. 6 gives the right for six moves.
If a chong is thrown, the king from the middle line exchanges its place with its nearest soldier; if one more chong is thrown, then [the king] exchanges its place with the next soldier by one step [the words ‘by one step’ obviously do not reflect what is happening]; with the other figures the soldier which occupied the place of the king in the middle line is moved. Once a chong has been thrown, then next time, in any case, it is possible to move. The king is moved only after the first chongs. Then it allows the soldiers to be moved. If a soldier makes a few steps along the middle line and encounters a soldier from the opponent’s camp, it jumps over it but does not remove it, and only if the latter stands in the place of destination of the other, then it is removed. One should think carefully, which figure to move in order to remove the opponent.
With a chong, the king, when making a move, counts only occupied places; empty ones are not counted. The king cannot be beaten; if a soldier has come to it, this soldier would lie down and wait for another move. A chong would not normally remove a soldier, with the exception of the last two nests. The king may move only if a chong is thrown; in other cases, it moves only when it has only one soldier remaining. The enemy is removed only when it is at the place of destination.
During the game one should shout loudly what one wants: ky mra, etc. If the king has no soldier of its own to exchange holes with, the first chong remains invalid but the next one gives the king the right to make a move; a soldier can also make a move instead of the king. Sometimes one should think of combinations to jump over an enemy soldier.
The main rules of the game. The soldiers would first change for the middle line, then they are advanced forward to the enemy camp, but they do not return back. When there are no soldiers in one’s battle line (main), the king may make moves like a soldier, i.e. over any number.
As the soldiers fall or as they are moved to the middle line, the king, with a chong, has the right to exchange its position with its soldier not being embarrassed by the distance but, of course, not on the middle line. At the beginning of the game, the kings stand on the middle line at the ends. As soon as the king has taken backward steps, it can already be beaten. The game goes on also after the king has been removed. If the old man has already started off backwards, then a soldier may beat with a chong; if two chongs are thrown in succession, the king can go back. Translated from the Russian by Alexey Lobashev. Shternberg 1933: 340-342.
Confidence 100
Source Shternberg, L. 1933. Gilyaki, orochi, gol’dy, negidal’tsy, ainy. Khabarovsk : Dal’kniga.
Id DLP.Evidence.2308
Type Ethnography
Game Chong (Sakhalin)
Date 1890-01-01 - 1899-12-31
Rules Three rows, smaller pieces and two king pieces, two six-sided dice.
Content Photograph of people playing Chong, with the board, clusters of pieces, two king pieces which are larger, and two dice. Shternberg 1990: Fig. 16.
Confidence 100
Spaces Outside, Public
Genders Male
Source Shternberg, L. 1999. The Social Organization of the Gilyak. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 82 New York: American Museum of Natural History.
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