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Evidence in Batak
2 pieces of evidence found.
Id DLP.Evidence.1972
Type Ethnography
Game Main Chator (Batak)
Date 1904-01-01 - 1904-12-31
Rules 8x8 board, with diagonals in every square. Pieces have special moves, as follows: Raja (king), moves one square in any direction, but on the first move, it may jump two squares or move as a knight, with the exception that it cannot jump two squares diagonally; Mantri (minister), moves orthogonally or diagonally any number of spaces; Gajah (x2); move diagonally any distance; Kuda (horse) x2, moves orthogonally one space then diagonal one space from there, jumping over any intervening pieces; Ter/Chemor (chariot) x2, moves orthogonally any distance; Bídaq (pawn) x8: moves one square forward or one square forward diagonally to capture. May move two spaces forward orthogonally if it is that piece's first move. The Raja's Bidaq may move two spaces on its second move, if it has not already done so. Upon reaching the opposite edge of the board, the Bídaq moves in the opposite direction, reversing again if it reaches the opposite edge. Castling occurs in two moves, the rook moving to the king and then the king jumping over the rook. Pieces are captured by moving onto a space occupied by an opponent's piece. If the Raja can be captured on its next turn, it is in check. The Raja cannot be in check at the end of its turn. When this is unavoidable, it is checkmate and the opponent wins. A stalemate is considered a draw.
Content Detailed account of Main Chator as played among the Btak people of Sumatra in von Oefele 1904.
Confidence 100
Source von Oefele, A. 1904. Das Schachspiel der Bataker: Ein Ethnographische Beitrag zur Geschichte des Schach. Leipzig: Verlag von Veit & Comp.
Id DLP.Evidence.1973
Type Ethnography
Game Tepong
Date 1904-01-01 - 1904-12-31
Rules 8x8 board, with diagonals in every square. Pieces have special moves, as follows: Raja (king), moves one square in any direction, but on the first move, it may jump two squares or move as a knight, with the exception that it cannot jump two squares diagonally; Mantri (minister), moves orthogonally or diagonally any number of spaces; Gajah (x2); move diagonally any distance; Kuda (horse) x2, moves orthogonally one space then diagonal one space from there, jumping over any intervening pieces; Ter/Chemor (chariot) x2, moves orthogonally any distance; Bídaq (pawn) x8: moves one square forward or one square forward diagonally to capture. May move two spaces forward orthogonally if it is that piece's first move. The Raja's Bidaq may move two spaces on its second move, if it has not already done so. Upon reaching the opposite edge of the board, the Bídaq moves in the opposite direction, reversing again if it reaches the opposite edge. Castling occurs in two moves, the rook moving to the king and then the king jumping over the rook. Pieces are captured by moving onto a space occupied by an opponent's piece. If the Raja can be captured on its next turn, it is in check. The Raja cannot be in check at the end of its turn. When this is unavoidable, it is checkmate and the opponent wins. At the beginning of the game it is determined that one player must checkmate the other in one of the four central squares. The other player may checkmate the other anywhere one the board.
Content Description of Tepong among discussion of Main Chator (Batak): "Da die Bataker zumeist um einen Einsatz spielen,
so sind natürlich Vorgaben sehr häufig. Die gewöhnliche
Vorgabe, die ein besserer Spieler seinem schwächeren
Gegner gibt, ist das sogenannte Tepong, wodurch für
den stärkeren Gegner die Matsetzung innerhalb der
vier Mittelfelder d4, d5, e4, e5 zur Gewinnbedingung
wird. Diese Art der Vorgabe erfreute sich auch im
Mittelalter einiger Pflege. Es sind sogar einige Schachaufgaben aus der Mitte des fünfzehnten Jahrhunderts,
welche die Matsetzung auf diesen vier Feldern verlangen,
erhalten geblieben. Ein Ausspruch, der aus derselben
Zeit stammt und nach Strohmeyer im Ogier vorkommt,
lautet: „Aber wer innerhalb der vier Felder weiß, den
König in die Enge zu treiben, den, sag ich, soll man
preisen und loben." von Oefele 1904: 34-35.
Confidence 100
Source von Oefele, A. 1904. Das Schachspiel der Bataker: Ein Ethnographische Beitrag zur Geschichte des Schach. Leipzig: Verlag von Veit & Comp.
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